-A-
Aboulomania: A mental disorder is which the patient
suffers from mental derangement by weakened willpower or pathological
indecisiveness.
Absentmindedness: The type of forgetting occurring
when you don’t pay close enough attention.
Acupuncture: A
procedure used in or adapted from Chinese medical practice in which specific
body areas are pierced with fine needles for therapeutic purposes or to relieve
pain or produce regional anesthesia.
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis: A sudden bacterial infection that leads to prostate
inflammation.
Acute Stress Disorder: Type of anxiety disorder that develops within one
month after a severe traumatic event or experience. Distressing
dissociative symptoms are common, including depersonalization, derealization, or
dissociative amnesia. Anxiety, irritability, depression, and diminished
ability to experience pleasure are pretty common. There may be problems falling
or staying asleep. A person with Acute Stress Disorder will
avoid any reminders of the trauma but re-experiencing the event in dreams,
nightmares, or painful memories.
Addiction: The
continued use of a mood altering substance or behavior despite adverse
consequences, or a neurological impairment leading to such behaviors.
Adrenal Fatigue:
Adrenal fatigue is a collection of signs and symptoms, known as a syndrome,
that results when the adrenal glands function below the necessary level. Most
commonly associated with intense or prolonged stress, it can also arise during
or after acute or chronic infections, especially respiratory infections such as
influenza, bronchitis or pneumonia.
Adrenaline (see
Epinephrine)
Aggression: Hostile
or destructive behavior or actions that is intended to threaten or inflict
physical injury on another person or organism
Age Associated Memory Impairment (AAMI): A label
for the general degradation of memory which results from ageing. It is a natural process, seen
in many animals as well as humans, which often begins in our 20s and tends to
get noticeably worse as we reach our 50s. While some specific abilities do decline with age, though, overall memory
generally remains strong for most people through their 70s.
Aerobic Exercises:
Type of physical exercises, focused on increasing cardiovascular endurance, such
as cycling, swimming, walking, skipping rope, rowing, running, hiking, or
playing tennis.
Alcohol Abuse
(Alcoholism): A psychiatric diagnosis describing the recurring use of alcoholic
beverages despite its negative consequences.
Alcohol Dementia: A form of dementia caused by
long-term, excessive drinking, resulting in neurological damage and impaired
mental processing.
Alcohol Dependence: A substance related disorder
in which an individual is addicted to alcohol either physically or mentally,
and continues to use alcohol despite significant areas of dysfunction, evidence
of physical dependence, and/or related hardship.
Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome: The set of symptoms
seen when an individual reduces or stops alcohol consumption after prolonged
periods of excessive alcohol intake.
Allergy: An allergy is a hypersensitivity disorder
of the immune system. Allergic reactions occur when a person's immune system
reacts to normally harmless substances in the environment.
Alopecia: Alopecia
is the partial or complete loss of hair—especially on the scalp—either in
patches (alopecia areata), on the entire head (alopecia totalis), or over the
entire body (alopecia universalis). Well known, and varying in onset, in the
course of ageing. It also occurs, less irrevocably, due to skin damage or
disease or to the side-effects of chemotherapy or radiotherapy in the treatment
of cancer. The cells at the base of the hair follicles of the scalp, which
normally keep on manufacturing new keratinous substance to add to the root of
the hair, die or cease to function; the hair therefore falls out and is not
replaced, until or unless that cellular function is restored.
Alopecia Areata: Alopecia Areata might hit
completely different regions of the head. You will find this more typically in
youngsters, and young adults than older people. Usually it is a momentary loss
of hair, triggered by hormone modifications, similar to in young adults and
expecting women. Whereas extremely embarrassing it is usually less than a year
before the hair returns.
Alopecia
Mucinosa: It generally
presents, but not exclusively, as erythematous plaques or flat patches without
hair primarily on the scalp and face. This can also present on the body as a
follicular mucinosis and may represent a systemic disease.
Alopecia Totalis: Complete loss of hair from the entire scalp.
Alopecia Universalis: Complete loss of all
bodily hair.
Alzheimer’s
(AD): А progressive form
of presenile dementia that is similar to senile dementia except that it usually
starts in the 40s or 50s; first symptoms are impaired memory which is followed
by impaired thought and speech and finally complete helplessness.
Anaerobic Exercises:
Type of physical exercises, increasing short-term muscle strength, such as
weight training, functional training, eccentric training, or sprinting and
high-intensity interval training.
Androgen
Deficiency in the Aging Male (see Andropause)
Androgen Replacement Therapy (andropausal and
ergogenic use): Hormone treatment
often prescribed to counter the effects of male hypogonadism. It is also
prescribed to lessen the effects or delay the onset of normal male aging.
Additionally, androgen replacement therapy is used for men who have lost their
testicular function to disease, cancer, or other causes
Androgenic Alopecia: It is generally known as male pattern baldness, Androgenetic
alopecia occurs according to a definite pattern, beginning above your temples,
while your hairline recedes in the form of a typical ‘M’ shape. You also
experience extensive hair loss on the top of your head, which can be either
partial or total. Depending on the level of testosterone – the androgenic
hormone in your body – male pattern hair loss can be linked to a combination of
hormonal and genetic factors.
Androgens: An
overall grouping of male hormones. They are made in the testes and in the
adrenal gland.
Andropause (Male Menopause, Man-O-Pause, Androgen Deficiency in the Aging Male): A
natural emotional and physical change that occurs with age caused by a decrease
in male hormones. Symptoms of andropause include: low sex drive, difficulties
getting erections or erections that aren't as strong as usual, lack of energy,
depression, irritability and mood swings, loss of strength or muscle mass,
increased body fat and hot flashes.
Androstenedione: A steroid sex hormone C19H26O2 that
is secreted by the testes, ovaries, and adrenal cortex and is a precursor of
testosterone and estrogen.
Androstenediol: A crystalline
androgenic steroid, C19H30O2 has been shown to
increase androgen prohormone, testosterone, and estradiol. It functions to
stimulate the immune system.
Androsterone: A steroid hormone
excreted in urine that reinforces masculine characteristics, but not with the
same intensity of testosterone.
Anorgasmia (Coughlan's Syndrome): A type of sexual dysfunction in which a
person cannot achieve orgasm, even with adequate stimulation. In males, the
condition is often related to delayed ejaculation. Anorgasmia can often cause
sexual frustration.
Antidepressants: Drugs that prevent or relieve the symptoms of depression. Various psychological
disorders are treated with antidepressants.
Antipsychotic: Drugs, counteracting or diminishing the symptoms of psychotic disorders, such as
schizophrenia, paranoia, and bipolar disorder.
Anxiety: Experience of fear or apprehension in
response to anticipated internal or external danger accompanied by some or all
of the following signs: muscle tension, restlessness, sympathetic (automonic)
hyperactivity (for example, diarrhea, palpitation, rapid breathing or
jitteriness), or cognitive signs and symptoms (for example, hypervigilance,
confusion, decreased concentration, or fear of losing control). It may be
transient and adaptive or pathologic in intensity and duration.
Apathy: Absence of interest in or enthusiasm for
things generally considered interesting or moving.
Aphrodisiac: Any of various forms of stimulation thought
to arouse sexual excitement. They may be psychophysiological (arousing the
senses of sight, touch, smell, or hearing) or internal (e.g., foods, alcoholic
drinks, drugs, love potions, medicinal preparations).
Asthma: Asthma
is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. In those susceptible to
asthma, this inflammation causes the airways to spasm and to swell periodically
so that the airways narrow. The individual then must wheeze or gasp for air.
Obstruction to air flow either resolves spontaneously or responds to a wide
range of treatments, but continuing inflammation makes the airways
hyper-responsive to stimuli such as cold air, exercise, dust mites, pollutants
in the air, and even stress and anxiety.
Atherosclerosis (arteriosclerotic vascular disease,
ASVD): A condition in which an
artery wall thickens as a result of the accumulation of fatty materials such as
cholesterol and triglyceride.
